English Bible Versions

Links updated October 2011

Collections of Texts Online

• The Online Parallel Bible Project. By John Isett. A fast-loading site that includes the King James version, English Revised version (1885), American Standard version (1901), New American Standard, Young’s Literal Translation, Webster’s revision of the KJV, the Bible in Basic English, Darby’s version, the Challoner-Rheims, the God’s Word translation, the old Jewish Publication Society version of the OT, Tyndale’s New Testament, and Weymouth’s. Also has several Hebrew and Greek texts (including an interlinear NT with parsing and concordance), commentaries, etc.
• Logos Bible. Sponsored by Logos Bible Software. Includes the King James version, New King James Version, American Standard Version, New American Standard Bible, Revised Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, English Standard Version, the 2011 revision of the New International Version, Today’s New International Version, New Living Translation, Holman Christian Standard Bible, Darby Translation, and Young’s Literal Translation. Also four different versions of the Apocryphal books (KJV, RSV, NRSV and the translation edited by R.H. Charles), the Clementine Vulgate, and several editions of the Greek New Testament.
• The Bible Gateway. Owned and operated by the Zondervan corporation, publisher of the NIV. Many versions for browsing or searching, including the American Standard Version (1901), New American Standard Bible (with notes), English Standard Version (with notes), New International Version (in three varieties: the 1984 edition, the “Today’s” edition of 2005, and the 2011 revision), King James Version, New King James Version (with notes), Darby’s New Translation, Young’s Literal Translation, the Amplified Bible, Contemporary English Version, the New Living Translation, The Message, and a modern-spelling edition of Wycliffe’s New Testament. Search on whole words, parts of words, or phrases.
• The Unbound Bible. At Biola University. English versions include the New American Standard Bible, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English, Darby’s New Translation, the Douay-Rheims version (Challoner revision), King James Version, Webster’s revision of the KJV, Weymouth’s NT, Young’s Literal Translation. Texts include the Hebrew Old Testament, the Septuagint, the Greek New Testament (in four different editions), and the Latin Vulgate. Learning to use this resource is a bit of a challenge.
• The Blue Letter Bible. Here you can search the King James Version, New King James Version, New Living Translation, New American Standard Bible, Revised Standard Version, English Standard Version, Webster’s Revision of the KJV, Young’s Literal Translation, Darby’s Translation, American Standard Version, and the Latin Vulgate. You can also view the Hebrew or Greek text, and for each word of the original text you can see the entry in the Hebrew lexicon of Gesenius (as translated by Tregelles) or the Greek lexicon of Thayer.
• Olive Tree Bible. Search or browse the New King James Version, New American Standard Bible, King James Version, Revised Standard Version, Modern King James Version, Literal Translation Version (Green), American Standard Version, Darby’s New Translation, Weymouth New Testament, Young’s Literal Translation, Contemporary English Version, Today’s English Version, International Standard Version, Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible, and the Jewish Publication Society translation (1917).
• Bible Database Online Bibles. By Brent Maurer. The King James, Webster’s, Young’s Literal Translation, American Standard Version, Revised Standard Version, and the Wycliffe New Testament online in chapter files. This site also has many Bibles in other European and Asian languages.
• Bible Study Tools. This site, owned by Salem Communications, has some recent versions that are not available elsewhere. The catch is, you have to view them in a little window surrounded by agressive ads for the latest foolheaded books and videos. But this may be an appropriate setting for some of the new versions! Included are the New International Version, New American Standard Bible, American Standard Version, New King James Version, King James Version, Third Millennium Bible, New Living Translation, New Revised Standard Version, Revised Standard Version, Good News Bible, Douay-Rheims Bible (Challoner Revision), New Century Version, God’s Word Translation, World English Bible, The Bible in Basic English, The Darby Translation, The Webster Bible, Young’s Literal Translation, Holman Christian Standard Bible, Wesley’s New Testament, and the Latin Vulgate.
• bibles-online.net. Twenty-one early Bibles.
• Bibles of the Past by Chris Corley. A collection of links to online facsimiles of early English Bibles (1380 to 1750).
• Parallel Text of Historic Bibles. The New Testament from Wycliffe, Tyndale, Geneva Bible, and King James Version in parallel columns, provided by Mario Valente of New Jersey. See also the same versions for The Pentateuch & Jonah in the same format.

Download sites

• The Sword Project. A program with many versions and original language texts.
• E-Sword. Another free Bible program, with commentaries (including Barnes, Clarke, Gill), dictionaries (ISBE, BDB), and a large variety of translations (including the English Standard Version and the Holman Christian Standard Bible).
• Bible Database. By Brent Maurer. Another free downloadable Bible study program with multiple versions.
• The Unbound Bible download page. Download several English versions and original language texts in zipped archive format.

Anglo-Saxon Versions

• General: The Anglo-Saxon Versions. Collection of articles on the Anglo Saxon versions by Michael Marlowe.
• Wessex Gospels:
  • MS Corpus Christi College Cambridge 140, at the website of the Parker Library at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.
  • Bright’s editions: The Gospel of Saint Matthew in West-Saxon (1904); The Gospel of Saint Mark in West-Saxon (1905); The Gospel of Saint Luke in Anglo-Saxon (1893); The Gospel of Saint John in West-Saxon (1906); and see also the extracts from other texts included in Bright’s Anglo-Saxon Reader.
  • Foxe: The Gospels of the Fower Euangelistes: translated in the olde Saxons tyme out of Latin in the vulgare toung of the Saxons, newly collected out of auncient monumentes of the sayd Saxons, and now published for testimonie of the same (1571).
  • Thorpe: Ða Halgan Godspel on Englisc: the Anglo-Saxon Version of the Holy Gospels, edited from the Original Manuscripts, by Benjamin Thorpe (London: Rivington, 1842).
  • Bosworth and Waring: Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Gospels in Parallel Columns with the Versions of Wycliffe and Tyndale (1874, also here).
  • The Polyglot Bible. By Mark Davies at Brigham Young University. This resource includes the Gospel of Luke in Anglo-Saxon.
• West Saxon Psalms (Paris Psalter):
  • Thorpe’s edition: Libri Psalmorum Versio Antiqua Latina; cum Paraphrasi Anglo-Saxonica, partim soluta oratione, partim metrice composita (1835, also here).
  • Bright and Ramsay: Liber Psalmorum: The West-Saxon Psalms, being the Prose Portion, or the first fifty, of the so-called Paris Psalter, edited by Bright and Ramsay (1907, also here).
  • Richard Stracke’s online edition: An edition of the Latin and Old English of the first fifty psalms in the Paris Psalter (ms. bibliothèque nationale fonds latin 8824), with introduction, notes, and glossary.
• Vespasian Psalter:
  • Sweet’s transcription, in The Oldest English Texts, edited with Introductions and a Glossary by Henry Sweet (London: Early English Text Society, 1885).
• Cædmon:
  • Thorpe’s edition: Cædmon’s Metrical Paraphrase of Parts of the Holy Scriptures in Anglo-Saxon; with an English Translation, Notes, and a Verbal Index (1832, also here).
  • The Cædmon Manuscript: parts of Genesis, Exodus and Daniel in Old English verse, illustrated with Anglo-Saxon drawings, c. A.D. 1000. From the Early Manuscripts at Oxford University. Extremely large (3-4 megabyte) digital facsimiles of complete manuscripts, scanned directly from the originals.
  • A transcription of the Cædmon Manuscript (Codex Junius 11) and of the Paris Psalter are online at the Labyrinth Library of Old English Literature.
  • Modern English translation of the Cædmon manuscript (Codex Junius 11). By George W. Kennedy, The Caedmon Poems (New York, 1916). Provided by the Online Medieval and Classical Library.
  • The Complete Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Poetry has electronic texts of many Anglo-Saxon works, including the text of the Caedmon poems and the Paris Psalter.
• Northumbrian and Mercian Glosses:
  • Lindisfarne Gospel Book. Every page of the famous manuscript, designated Cotton MS Nero D IV, from the British Library. Internet Explorer users must turn off ActiveX filtering and enable cookies to view the pages.
  • The Rushworth Gospel Book, also known as the MacRegol Gospels (MS Bodleian Auct. D.2.19), at the website of the Bodleian Library.
  • Printed edition of the Lindisfarne and Rushworth Gospels (Durham: Surtees Society, 1854, 1861, 1863, 1865): part 1 (Matthew); part 2 (Mark); part 3 (Luke); part 4 (John).
  • Walter Skeat’s Anglo-Saxon and Northumbrian Versions, Synoptically Arranged: Matthew; Mark; Luke; John.
• Ælfric’s Heptateuch:
  • Crawford’s edition of Ælfric: The Old English Version of the Heptateuch, Aelfric’s Treatise on the Old and New Testament and his Preface to Genesis, edited from all the existing mss. and fragments with an introduction and three appendices, together with a reprint of “A Saxon treatise concerning the Old and New Testament: now first published in print with English of our times by William L’Isle of Wilburgham (1623)” and the Vulgate text of the Heptateuch, by S.J. Crawford (London: Early English Text Society, 1922). Also here and here.
  • Michel van der Hoek’s Anglo-Saxon Bible website offers transcriptions of Ælfric’s Heptateuch and the Wessex Gospels.
  • Cotton MS Claudius B IV from the 11th century, containing Ælfric’s version (imperfect), from the British Library.
  • Images of some parts of an 11th century MS. of Ælfric’s version of the Heptateuch (Oxford, Bodleian Library, Laud. Misc. 509) are available on Luna at the Bodleian Library.
  • C.W.M. Grein, ed., Älfrik de Vetere et Novo Testamento, Pentateuch, Josua, Buch der Richter und Job (Cassel & Goettingen: Wigand, 1872, also here).
  • Edward Thwaites, ed., Heptateuchus, Liber Job, et Evangelium Nicodemi; Anglo-Saxonice (Oxford, 1698, also here).
• Related matter:
  • Sermons of Ælfric: Benjamin Thorpe, ed., The Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church: The First Part, Containing the Sermones Catholici, Or Homilies of Ælfric (London: Ælfric Society, 1844).
  • A Compendius Anglo-Saxon and English Dictionary, by the Rev. Joseph Bosworth (London: John Russell Smith, 1848).
  • The Student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon, by Henry Sweet (Oxford, 1897).

The Wycliffe Versions

• The Forshall and Madden edition of the Wycliffe versions: vol. 1 (Genesis-2 Samuel) vol. 2 (1 Kings-Psalms) vol. 3 (Proverbs-2 Maccabees) vol. 4 (New Testament).
• The Wycliffe New Testament. Full text of the version online, in original spelling. This is the text of the later version (c.1395), from the Forshall & Madden edition of 1850. The electronic text was created by Sergej A. Fedosov and Brent Maurer.
• The Wycliffe New Testament — The New Testament in English According to the Version by John Wycliffe ... and Revised by John Purvey ... Formerly editied by the Rev. Josiah Forshall .. and Sir Frederic Madden ... and now reprinted (Oxford, 1879). Also here.
• Complete Wycliffe Bible in original spelling, online in text files.
• Searchable Wycliffe Bible at studylight.org. The Fedosov transcription (original spelling) with a search utility.
• The Lollard Bible and other Medieval Biblical Versions, by Margaret Deanesly (1920).
• A Concise Dictionary of Middle English. By Rev. A. L. Mayhew and Rev. Walter W. Skeat.
• John Wyclif: Morning Star of the Reformation. By Ra McLaughlin, in the online journal at Third Millenium ministries.
• Medieval English Political Writings. Edited by James M. Dean. Includes excerpts from writings of Wyclif and his associates.
• The Lollard Society. Site maintained by Derrick G. Pitard, featuring excellent bibliographies and links for the study of Wyclif and the Lollards
• Wycliffite Manuscript, from the Octavo Digital Imaging Laboratory.
• Wycliffe’s New Testament modernized by Terence P. Noble. Not just modern spelling, but also modernized grammar and usage.

Reformation Era Versions

Tyndale

• The First printed English New Testament. A facsimile edition of the uncompleted Cologne quarto (1525), with lengthy introduction by Edward Arber (London, 1871).
• Tyndale’s New Testament of 1526 — The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ: published in 1526. Being the First Translation from the Greek into English, by that Eminent Scholar and Martyr, William Tyndale. Reprinted Verbatim: with a Memoir of his Life and Writings, by George Offor. Together with the Proceedings and Correspondence of Henry VIII., Sir T. More, and Lord Cromwell (London: Samuel Bagster, 1836). Also here in an American reprint (Andover: Gould and Newman, 1837).
• Tyndale’s first edition of the New Testament (1526), in modern spelling, provided by Mario Valente of New Jersey. The same text is also available with verse numbering on the same site.
• Searchable Tyndale New Testament at studylight.org. Although this is labeled "Tyndale New Testament (1526)," it is not the 1526 text: it is the 1534 text, derived from the Fedosov transcription (original spelling), with a search utility. Bear in mind that when searching for words you must use the old spelling, and you must take account of the errors in this transcription.
• An answer to sir Thomas More’s dialogue, by William Tyndale. In this book Tyndale responds to More’s criticism of his New Testament translation.
• William Tyndale’s Five Books of Moses, Called the Pentateuch: Being a Verbatim Reprint ..., edited by Jacob Isidor Mombert. Also here.
• The Bible in the Renaissance - William Tyndale. By Henry Wansbrough. An interesting study on the background and character of Tyndale’s translation.
• William Tyndale - Heretical Blasphemer? By Michael Scheifler. An energetic defense of Tyndale against Sir Thomas More’s criticisms.
• William Tyndale: Covenant Theologian, Christian Martyr. Part 1: Background and Early Biography and Part 2: Later Biography. By Jules Grisham, at Third Millenium Ministries. This is the best biography of Tyndale on the web.
• William Tyndale resource page of the "Bibliotheca Augustana" maintained by Prof. Ulrich Harsch in Augsburg, Germany.
• William Tyndale and the History of the English Bible. Several files on aspects of Tyndale’s life and work, provided by the drama troupe "Fire for the Ploughman."
• The Tyndale Society. A scholarly society that promotes the study of Tyndale and his times. The site has some good articles from The Tyndale Society Journal, notices of books published by members, and a good links page.
• Tyndale resources compiled by Anniina Jokinen.

Coverdale

• Coverdale Bible of 1535, Bagster reprint, 1847.
• Searchable Coverdale Bible at studylight.org. The Fedosov transcription (original spelling) with a search utility.
• Miles Coverdale: Superintendent At-Large of the Reformation. A good biographical article by George M. Ella, at New Focus Magazine.
• The 1662 Prayer Book Psalter. Based on Coverdale’s Translation of the Psalms.
• Remains of Myles Coverdale, Bishop of Exeter, containing Prologues to the Translation of the Bible, Treatise on Death, etc., edited for the Parker Sociey by the Rev. George Pearson. Cambridge, 1846.

Great Bible

• The “Great” Bible of 1540. A black-and-white scan from the original.

Geneva Bible

• 1560 Geneva Bible in original spelling, in html format. The original notes may also be seen by clicking on a link on the right side of the page.
• Searchable Geneva Bible at studylight.org. Full text in original spelling, with a search utility. The notes are omitted.
• The Geneva Bible. A brief history of the version, and files giving all the annotations of a 1599 edition of the Geneva Bible. Please note: the annotations that are given here (and on many other sites) are not the original notes of the Geneva Bible as published in 1560. Copies of the Geneva Bible printed after 1587 generally contain a New Testament revised and annotated in 1576 by one Laurence Tomson of Geneva.
• The Geneva Bible Of 1560. By Bruce M. Metzger. A detailed description of the version, originally published in Theology Today.
• The Geneva Bible. By C. Matthew McMahon.
• 1583 Geneva Bible. The front matter and the book of Genesis online in images, from an edition of the Geneva Bible published in London by Christopher Barker, 1583. Provided by the Schoenberg Center for Electronic Text & Image at the University of Pennsylvania Library.
• 1594 edition of the Geneva Bible printed in London by Christopher Barker, with the New Testament in its 1560 form, and with a concordance appended (no. 168 in Darlow and Moule).
• 1595 edition of the Geneva Bible printed in London by Christopher Barker, with Tomson’s New Testament.
• 1599 edition of the Geneva Bible printed in London by Christopher Barker, with Tomson’s New Testament.
• 1569 edition of the Geneva Bible printed in Geneva by John Crispin.

Bishops’ Bible

• First edition of the Bishops’ Bible, 1568, scanned from the original.
• Complete Bishops’ Bible at studylight.org. A transcription of the whole version with a search utility.

King James Version (1611)

•  LOCAL  The King James Version. Several articles on the version, the Preface, a sample page, and a bibliography.
• Full text of the first edition of the KJV online in images. Provided by the Schoenberg Center for Electronic Text & Image at the University of Pennsylvania Library.
• F.H.A. Scrivener, The Authorized Edition of the English Bible (1611), its Subsequent Reprints and Modern Representatives (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1884; reprinted 1910)
• F.H.A. Scrivener, ed., The Cambridge Paragraph Bible of the Authorized English version: with the Text Revised by a Collation of its Early and Other Principal Editions, the Use of the Italic Type Made Uniform, the Marginal References Remodelled, and a Critical Introduction Prefixed (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1873)
• The Authorized Edition of the English Bible (1611), its subsequent Reprints and modern Representatives, by F.H.A. Scrivener (1884). This is the definitive work on the textual sources and history of the Authorized Version. Also at the Internet Archive here and here.
• A Short Explanation of Obsolete Words in our Version of the Bible, by Henry Cotton (Oxford, 1832).
• The Bible Word-book: A Glossary of Archaic Words and Phrases in the Authorised Version of the Bible and the Book of Common Prayer, by William Aldis Wright. Second Edition (London: Macmillan, 1884). Also here.
• Bible Word-Book: A Glossary of Scripture Terms which have Changed their Popular Meaning, or Are No Longer in General Use, by William Swinton, edited by Prof. T.J. Conant, D.D. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1876.
• Hebraisms in the Authorized Version of the Bible by William Rosenau (Baltimore: Lord Baltimore Press, 1902). A Doctoral Dissertation presented at John Hopkins University.
• Trench on the Authorized Version — On the Authorized Version of the New Testament, in Connexion with Some Recent Proposals for its Revision, by Richard Chenevix Trench, D.D. Second Edition, revised and enlarged. London: John W. Parker and Son, 1859. Also online is an American reprint of the first edition of 1858, at Google books here and here, and at the Internet Archive here and here.
• Thomas Turton on the defects of the first edition of the KJV.—The Text of the English Bible as Now Printed by the Universities Considered with Reference to a Report by a sub-committee of Dissenting Ministers. Second edition, corrected and greatly enlarged, by Thomas Turton (Cambridge, 1833).
• On a Fresh Revision of the English Old Testament by Samuel Davidson (London: Williams and Norgate, 1873).
• A Plea for the Received Greek Text and for the Authorised Version of the New Testament, in Answer to Some of the Dean of Canterbury's Criticisms of Both by Solomon Caesar Malan (London: Hatchards,1869)
• Contributions to a New Revision, or, A Critical Companion to the New Testament: Being a Series of Notes on the Original Text, with the View of Securing Greater Uniformity in its English Rendering, Including the Chief Alterations of the "Revision" of 1881 and of the American Committee by Robert Young (Edinburgh: G.A. Young, 1881)
• Murder, Mayhem and the Making of the King James Bible. Transcript of a discussion of the history of the English Bible broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s radio program The Spirit of Things (Dec. 8, 2001). Alister McGrath is one of the participants.
• Lectures on the KJV by Leland Ryken: What Makes the King James Version Great? Audio recording of a lecture given 16 Sept. 2011 at the KJV 400 Festival held at Union University in Jackson, Tennessee. The Legacy of the King James Bible. Delivered 17 Sept. 2011 at the same conference.

Douay-Rheims

• The Ecclesiastical Latin website has pdf files of portions of the original Rheims New Testament (1582) and Douay Old Testament (1635), including full text of the Prefaces, Genesis, Psalms, and Matthew.
• Douay-Rheims Bible Online. The full text of the Challoner-Rheims (a substantial revision of the Douay-Reims done in 1764), with a search utility. Includes notes from the edition approved by Cardinal Gibbons of Baltimore. The same text with notes is here, without search utility. The same text without the notes is available with some special concordance features here.
• Douay Bible article from the Catholic Encylopedia.
• The History of the Text of the Rheims and Douay Version of Holy Scripture. By John Henry Newman. From Tracts Theological and Ecclesiastical. London: Longmans, Green and Co., 1908
• Douay-Rheims: A Story of Faith. By Sidney K. Ohlhausen, from Catholic Heritage May/June 1999. A brief history of the version, its revisions and editions. Also here.
• Uncomfortable Facts About The Douay-Rheims. By James Akin. A look at the origins, strengths and weaknesses of the Douay-Rheims and Challoner-Rheims Bible. Akin, though Catholic, is especially concerned to debunk traditionalists claims that this is the only "pure" and "official" translation of the Catholic church.
• The Douay-Rheims Version: The English Version of the Catholic Church. A page from the Dr. Gene Scott Bible Collection tour.
• The Douay Rheims Bible: The Achilles Heel of Papal Infallibility. By Michael Scheifler. A discussion of the importance of the Douay-Rheims translation of Genesis 3:15, "she shall crush thy head."
• The Part of Rheims in the Making of the English Bible. By James G. Carleton (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902). Describes the influence of the Rheims New Testament on the KJV. Also here.
• William Fulke’s “Confutation” of the Rheims New Testament. A Protestant reply to the preface and annotations of the Roman Catholic version (London, 1589. See also a nineteenth-century reprint here).
• Rhemes and Doway; An Attempt to Shew What Has Been Done by Roman Catholics for the Diffusion of the Holy Scriptures in English, by Henry Cotton (Oxford, 1855. Also here).

Other Reformation Era Versions

• John Cheke’s translation of Matthew (circa 1550) — The Gospel According to Saint Matthew ... Translated from the Greek, with Original Notes by Sir John Cheke ... by James Goodwin (London, 1843).

Roman Catholic Criticism of Early Protestant Bibles

• Gregory Martin’s A Discovery of the Manifold Corruptions of the Holy Scripture by the Heretics of our days (1582) in modernized spelling and grammar.
• William Fulke’s Defence of the Sincere and True Translations of the Holy Scriptures into the English Tongue, against the cavils of Gregory Martin. Originally published in 1583, reprinted at Cambridge, 1843. The response of a notable English puritan to Martin’s criticims of the early Protestant versions. Also here and here.
• Thomas Ward’s Errata of the Protestant Bible: or the truth of the English translations examined (1688).

18th Century Versions

• John Wesley’s Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (1755) contains a minor revision of the KJV text. Also here.
• Gilbert Wakefield’s New Testament (1795, reprinted 1820, also here). Wakefield was a Unitarian.
• Edward Harwood’s Liberal Translation of the New Testament (1768). Also at the Internet Archive: vol. 1; vol. 2.
• Mace New Testament (1729) at studylight.org. Full text of the version with a search utility. This (unitarian) version is of some historical interest. See a description of the version here.
• A Paraphrase upon the Epistle of Paul to the Galatians by Thomas Boston (1676-1732). An interesting example of paraphrase from the early eighteenth century. Boston was a notable Calvinist author and a minister in the Church of Scotland.

19th Century Versions

• Thomas Belsham’s Unitarian New Testament — The New Testament, In an Improved Version, Upon the Basis of Archbishop Newcome’s New Translation; with a Corrected Text, and Notes Critical and Explanatory (London: Taylor, 1808). Has many questionable renderings and notes designed to support Unitarian teachings. See also the American edition here.
• Kneeland’s New Testament — The New Testament ... translated from the original Greek according to Griesbach; upon the basis of the fourth London edition of the Improved Version, etc. A revision of Belsham’s Unitarian New Testament published in 1823. Many questionable renderings and notes add Universalist bias to Belsham’s Unitarian bias.
• Thomson’s translation of the Septuagint and the New Testament — The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Covenant, commonly called the Old and New Testament, translated from the Greek. By Charles Thomson, Late Secretary to the Congress of the United States (Philadelphia: Jane Aitken, 1808), in four volumes: vol. 1 (Genesis–1 Samuel, also here); vol. 2 (2 Samuel–Psalms); vol. 3 (Proverbs–Malachi); vol. 4 (New Testament, also here, here, and here)
• George Campbell’s translation of the Gospels, “with preliminary dissertations, and notes critical and explanatory” (1824): vol. 1; vol. 2; vol. 3; vol. 4.
• The New Testament as translated by Cambell, Doddrige, and Macknight. The New Testament, translated from the Original Greek, by G. Campbell, D.D., P. Doddridge, D.D., and J. Macknight, D.D. to which is prefixed a Dissertation on the Inspriration of the New Testament by P. Doddridge, D.D. (London: Wightman and Cramp, 1827).
• John Palfrey’s New Testament in the common Version, conformed to Griesbach’s Standard Greek Text (1828).
• Samuel Sharpe’s New Testament translated from the Text of J.J. Griesbach. Sharpe was a Unitarian, but his version is not obviously biased in that direction. First published in 1840, with several revisions up to 1881.
• Noyes’ New Testament (1869). A limited revision of the KJV, on the basis of Tischendorf’s text, by a Harvard professor. Like Sharpe, Noyes was a Unitarian who was not especially interested in promoting Unitarian teachings in his version. Also here.
• The Old Testament of Charles Wellbeloved, G. Vance Smith, and John S. Porter (1859-62): vol. 1 (Pentateuch, Joshua, Judges, and Ruth); vol. 2 (Samuel, Kings, Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther, Job and Psalms); vol. 3 (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Prophets). A limited revision of the KJV.
• Davidson’s New Testament — The New Testament. Translated from the Critical Text of Von Tischendorf; with an Introduction on the Criticism, Translation, and Interpretation of the Book. By Samuel Davidson (London: Henry S. King and Co., 1875).
• Samuel Lloyd’s revision of the KJV New Testament — The Corrected English New Testament. A revision of the ‘Authorised’ version (by Nestle’s Resultant Text) prepared with the assistance of eminent scholars and issued by Samuel Lloyd, life governor of the British and Foreign Bible Society, as his memorial of the Society’s Centenary, 1904. With a preface by the Bishop of Durham. (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1905). An attempt to repair obvious problems in the KJV, done by churchmen who preferred not to use the Revised Version published in 1881.
• Hanson’s New Testament — The New Covenant: Containing I. An accurate translation of the New Testament. II. A Harmony of the Four Gospels. III. A Chronological Arrangement of the Text. IV. A Brief and Handy Commentary. By J.W. [John Wesley] Hanson, A.M., D.D. Boston: Universalist Publishing House, 1884-88), in two volumes: vol. I (The Four Gospels, second edition, 1888); vol. II (Acts, the Epistles, Revelation, 1886).
• Weekes’ New Testament — Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. The New Dispensation. The New Testament translated from the Greek by Robert D. Weekes. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co., 1897.
• The (Baptist) ‘American Bible Union’ revision of the KJV — 1862 Gospels (also here); 1865 New Testament (also here and here); 1891 New Testament; Complete Bible of 1912. For more information and links see the history of the version presented here.
• The Reviser, edited by S. E. Shepard (New York: Thomas Holman, 1855). A short-lived journal containing articles written by contributors in favor of the American Bible Union’s revision project.
• The Joseph Smith Translation in Light of the New Testament: An Examination of Key Passages in the Gospel of John. By Joel B. Groat at the Institute for Religious Research. The Joseph Smith "Translation" used by Mormons is the strangest and most heretical English Bible ever produced.
• The Newberry Bible. A uniquely helpful study edition, “Arranged so as to give as far as possible the accuracy, precision and certainty of the original Hebrew and Greek scriptures on the pages of the Authorized version, by means of simple and appropriate signs” (London, 1890).

English Revised Version of 1881-85 and American Standard Version of 1901

• The English Revised Version of 1881-85. Probably the most accurate English version ever published.
• The American Standard Version of 1901. This site (by Craig Schmoller) is dedicated to presenting the ASV accurately in its original form, with the text in paragraphs and the supplied words in italics. PDF files on the site include the original footnotes also. Very well done.
• Parallel KJV and ERV (1885) — The Parallel Bible. The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments translated out of the Original Tongues: being the Authorised Version arranged in parallel columns with the Revised Version (Oxford University Press, 1885).
• The Interlinear Bible: The Authorised Version & the Revised Version; Together with the Marginal Notes of both Versions & Central References. Displays the differences between the KJV and the ERV of 1881-85. Also at Google Books here.
• The Parallel New Testament, Greek and English (edited by Scrivener, 1882). “The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, Being the Authorized Version Set Forth in 1611, Arranged in Parallel Columns with the Revised Version of 1881 and with the orginal Greek According to the Text Followed in the Authorised Version, with the Variations Adopted in the Revised Version.”
• Considerations on the Revision of the English Version of the New Testament by Charles J. Ellicott (1870). Also here and here.
• On a Fresh Revision of the English New Testament by Joseph Barber Lightfoot (London: MacMillan, 1871). also here and here.
• The Revision of the English Version of the New Testament, by J.B. Lightfoot, Richard Chenevix Trench, C.J. Ellicott, with an Introduction by Phillip Schaff (New York, 1873). Includes Lightfoot’s On a Fresh Revision of the English New Testament, Trench’s On the Authorized Version of the New Testament in Connection with Some Recent Proposals for its Revision, Ellicott’s Considerations on the Revision of the English Version of the New Testament, and Schaff’s Introduction on the Revision of the English Bible.
• Anglo-American Bible Revision, by Members of the American Revision Committee (New York: Bible House, 1879). See also the second edition (Philadelphia: American Sunday-School Union, 1879).
• Where the Old and the New Versions Differ: the Actual Changes in the Authorized and Revised New Testament Printed in Parallel Columns (New York: Anson D.F. Randolph & Co., 1881).
• Documentary History of the American Committee on Revision, prepared by order of the committee for the use of the members (New York, 1883)
• Some Lessons of the Revised Version of the New Testament by B.F. Westcott (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1897). In which Westcott explains the thinking behind many of the renderings of the Revised Version of 1881. See also the third edition of 1898 (also here).
• A Companion to the Revised Old Testament, by Talbot W. Chambers (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1885). Also here, here and here.
• Companion to the Revised Version of the English New Testament by Alexander Roberts (London: Cassell, Peter, Galpin & Co., 1882).
• A Companion to the Greek Testament and the English version by Philip Schaff (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1883); see also the fourth edition, 1903.
• On the Authorized Version of the New Testament in Connection with Some Recent Proposals for its Revision by Richard C. Trench (New York: Redfield, 1858).
• Should the Revised New Testament Be Authorised? by Edmund Beckett (London: John Murray, 1882). Detailed criticism of the revision.
• The Revision Revised by John W. Burgon (London: John Murray, 1883). “Three Articles Reprinted from the Quarterly Review : I. The New Greek Text. II. The New English Version. III. Westcott and Hort's New Textual Theory: To Which is Added a Reply to Bishop Ellicott's Pamphlet in Defence of the Revisers and their Greek Text of the New Testament, Including a Vindication of the Traditional Reading of 1 Timothy III.16.”
• The Revised Version of the First Three Gospels Considered in its Bearings upon the Record of our Lord's words and of Incidents in his Life by Frederic C. Cook (London: John Murray, 1882).
• Documentary History of the American Committee on Revision, Prepared by Order of the Committee for the Use of the Members (New York, 1885)
• Addresses on the Revised Version of Holy Scripture by Charles J. Ellicott (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1901).
• The Revisers and the Greek Text of the New Testament, by Two Members of the New Testament Company by Charles J. Ellicott and Edwin Palmer (London: MacMillan and Co., 1882)
• Notes on the Translation of the New Testament: Being the Otium Norvicense (pars tertia) by the late Frederick Field ... reprinted with additions by the author (Cambridge, 1899, also here). In this erudite volume Field (a classical scholar) discusses many philological issues in connection with the renderings of the King James version and criticizes many renderings of the Revised Version of 1881.
• A Commentary on the Revised Version of the New Testament by William G. Humphry (London: Cassell, Petter, Galpin, & Co., 1882). Explains the reasons for many changes.
• Notes on the Amended English Bible, with Special Reference to Certain Texts in the Revised Version of the Old and New Testaments Bearing upon the Principles of Unitarian Christianity by Henry Ierson (London: British and Foreign Unitarian Association, 1887)
• Ely Lectures on the Revised Version of the New Testament: with an Appendix Containing the Chief Textual Changes by Benjamin H. Kennedy (London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1882).
• Lectures on Bible Revision by Samuel Newth (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1881). Also here and here.
• Texts and Margins of the Revised New Testament Affecting Theological Doctrine Briefly Reviewed by G. Vance Smith (London: British and Foreign Unitarian Association, 1881).

20th Century Versions

Revised Standard Version

• Revised Standard Version New Testament, first edition (1946).
• Review of the Revised Standard Version of the New Testament by Bruce M. Metzger. From the Princeton Seminary Bulletin 39/4 (1946).
• The Story Behind the Making of the Revised Standard Version of the Bible. By Bruce M. Metzger. Article from The Princeton Seminary Bulletin 1/4 (1978).
• Information about the Revised Standard Version. By Roy Davison. This new site, which currently consists mostly of external links, is designed "as a focal point for information about the Revised Standard Version."
• What Does Almah Mean? By William F. Beck. This is Beck’s scholarly response to the RSV’s interpretation of Isaiah 7:14.
• The RSV-Ecumenical Edition. By Bruce M. Metzger. Metzger tells of the production and reception of various "ecumenical" editions of the RSV.

New American Standard Bible

• Information at the publisher’s website: A brief history of the Lockman Foundation, a more detailed history giving background information on the NASB, information on the NASB translation principles and translators, and a comparison of the NASB update with the original NASB and with other versions.
• The New American Standard Bible: Is This the Answer? By Armin J. Panning. Panning reports the opinions of the Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary Translation Review Committee, which rendered a largely favorable verdict on the version. The article discusses at length the criteria for a good version, and applies them to the NASB. Theologically sensitive passages are discussed very thoroughly.

New International Version

•  LOCAL  History and Critical Review of the New International Version. By Michael Marlowe.
• Review articles on the NIV by faculty members of the Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary. Five informative articles, mostly positive, but with some criticism. (The undated article entitled “Faculty Review of the Revised NIV” pertains not to the 2011 revision but to the revision of 1984.)
• NIV 2011 comparison with NIV 1984 and TNIV. By Robert Slowley. Complete information on changes made in the recent revision. See also the similar comparison by John Dyer.
• Translation Principles. By Gary F. Zeolla. Criticizes inaccuracies of the NIV and argues in favor of the NKJV.
• New International Version: What today’s Christian needs to know about the NIV. By G.W. Anderson and D.E. Anderson, at the Trinitarian Bible Society. Criticizes the NIV for its loose renderings and for its underlying text.
• Gender Neutral Issues in the New International Version of 2011, by Vern S. Poythress. An article critical of the revision, published in the Westminster Theological Journal.
• An Evaluation of Gender Language in the 2011 Edition of the NIV Bible, by members of the Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood.

New Living Translation

•  LOCAL  Review of the New Living Translation. By Michael Marlowe.
• Review of the New Living Translation. By Jon Weatherly, Professor of Biblical Studies, Cincinnati Bible Seminary.
• The Power of Babble. Review of the NLT from Time Magazine (September 1996).
• The Tyndale House promotional site for the NLT.

New King James Version

•  LOCAL  Review of the New King James Version by Michael Marlowe.
• Review of Madden’s Remarks on the New King James Version. By James D. Price, editor of the NKJV Old Testament.
• A Response to D.A. Waite on the NKJV: My Letter From Dr. James D. Price. By Gary R. Hudson. Contains an interesting and detailed discussion of the text by James Price, editor of the NKJV Old Testament.

The Message

• A Summary Critique: The Message. A review of The Message by John R. Kohlenberger III, in the Christian Research Journal. Highly critical. Also here
• What kind of message is The Message? By Berit Kjos, at Kjos Ministries.
• "The Message" by Eugene Peterson: A Critique. By Alexander J. Mac Donald, Jr., from Chalcedon Report, June 1997.

New World Translation

• Examining Translations with Jehovah’s Witnesses. By Rachel D. Ramer, at the Christian Research Institute.
• A Grossly Misleading Translation (New World Translation). By Julius Robert Mantey.
• The New World Translation. By Dr. Julius R. Mantey.
• The Jehovah’s Witnesses and Jesus Christ: A Biblical and Theological Appraisal. By Bruce Metzger.

New American Bible

• The New American Bible. Full text of the official Roman Catholic version, courtesy of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops.
• The Revision of the New Testament of the New American Bible. By the Rev. Francis T. Gignac, chairman of the board of editors for the revision. This article, besides giving a detailed account of the NAB revision of 1986, includes a brief and interesting review of the early history of the English Bible, in which the author is very gracious towards the Protestant translators. Also here.
• Report on the New American Bible Revised New Testament as an Inclusive Language Translation. By Rev. Francis T. Gignac, chairman of the board of editors for the revision. Also here.
• The New American Bible: Is It Good for Catholics? By Ben Douglass. A detailed critique of the NAB marginal notes by a traditional Catholic. Also here.
• Bible Babel. By Richard John Neuhaus, from First Things, May 2001.
• More on Bible Babel. By Richard John Neuhaus, from First Things, January 2006. "The NAB introduces unwarranted novelties that not only further erode what remains of a common biblical vocabulary but are often blithely indifferent to the Church’s tradition of theological reflection." Also here.
• Wolf in Calfskin: The Rampant Liberalism of the NAB, by Ben Douglass. In two parts: Part I (also here); Part II (also here). Argues that the NAB is the product of rationalist historical criticism and liberal theology.
• New American Bible: Is It Good for Catholics? By Ben Douglass. An earlier and shorter version of the above.
• Review of the New American Bible (1970) by Bruce M. Metzger. From the Princeton Seminary Bulletin 64/1 (1971). Also here.

New English Bible

• Review of the New English Bible by Bruce M. Metzger. From the Princeton Seminary Bulletin 55/1 (1961).
• Review of the New English Bible by Henry J. Cadbury, Theology Today 18/2 (July 1961).

New Jewish Publication Society Version

• Online text of the version at taggedtanakh.org.
• Description of the version by Michael Marlowe.

New Revised Standard Version

•  LOCAL  Review of the NRSV by Michael Marlowe.
• New Revised Standard Version, Anglicized Edition (1995). Complete text with its marginal notes. From the Oremus Bible Browser. Also available here is the text of the original American edition of the NRSV (1989) without the notes, and three different liturgical Psalters that have been used in the Anglican Church.
• The October 1990 issue of Theology Today contains five articles on the New Revised Standard Version (all from a liberal perspective).

English Standard Version

• The Holy Bible: English Standard Version. The publisher’s resource pages.
• English Standard Version Online. Advanced search options allow even searching of the marginal notes.
•  LOCAL  Review of the ESV by Michael Marlowe.
• New Bible edition draws support from Patterson, Mohler, other Baptist leaders. By Art Toalston (Baptist Press, Feb 19, 1999). Provides some interesting background on the English Standard Version.
• Is this the English Bible we’ve been waiting for? By Tony Payne, Senior Editor of Matthias Media in Australia. A favorable review, in which the ESV is compared with the NIV. See also Payne’s essay on translation theory, How Close are we to the Bible? and his response to D.A. Carson (also here).
• Allan Chapple in Australia gives a long and negative review, published in Reformed Theological Review 62/2 (August 2003). The argument is rather strange. Chapple’s main point is that the ESV is not as literal as the NASB, but he prefers the NIV because it is even less literal. He seems to think that there is no call for a version that tries to strike a balance between the literalism of the NASB and the looseness of the NIV.
• Rodney Decker (Baptist Bible Seminary in Clarks Summit, Penn.) takes the same tack as Chapple. His review is largely an attempt to defend the NIV against criticism leveled against it by ESV-promoters, by showing that the ESV itself is not perfectly literal. But he ignores the fact that the ESV was not designed to be strictly literal. It was designed to occupy a middle ground between the NIV and the NASB.

Other 20th Century Versions

•  LOCAL  20th Century Versions. A complete list of versions arranged by date, with detailed reviews of many. By Michael Marlowe.
• The Episcopal Church’s 1903 revision of the KJV. The Holy Bible, Containing the Old and New Testaments: Translated Out of the Original Tongues and with the Former Translations Diligently Compared and Revised, with the Mariginal Readings Adopted by General Convention, Authorized to be Read in Churches, by the Episcopal Church Joint Commission on Marginal Readings in the Bible (New York: Thomas Nelson & Sons, 1903).
• Jewish Publication Society Translation of the Old Testament (1917 edition), courtesy of Mechon Mamre. Also here.
• The Twentieth Century New Testament, revised ed., London, 1904. Also at the Internet Archive here.
• Weymouth’s New Testament. The New Testament in Modern Speech: An Idiomatic Translation into Everyday English from the Text of ‘The Resultant Greek Testament,’ by the late Richard Francis Weymouth, edited and partly revised by Ernest Hampden-Cook (London: James Clarke and Co., 1903). Also online is the third edition (1915).
• Ballantine’s “Riverside New Testament” (1923).
• Charles Williams’ New Testament “in the Language of the People” (1937).
• J.B. Phillips’ paraphrase of the New Testament (1962 edition), provided by Gordon Smith of Wales. Very nicely formatted. With introductions and other helps.
• Good News Bible, British usage edition (1994). Put online by the British and Foreign Bible Society. Also on this site is the British edition of the Contemporary English Version (1997).
• The NET Bible. From the Biblical Studies Foundation. This is a new on-line English translation, featuring thousands of text-critical and philological annotations. For reading only, with no search program. The notes are the really valuable thing here.
• Comparison of Bible Translations. By Christopher Lee Pope, a student at Southern Seminary in Louisville. An intelligent and detailed discussion of differences, in several areas of comparison.
• Translation and Versions articles at Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary.
• A Comparative Study of Major Translations of the Prologue to the Gospel of John. By Philip Comfort, chief editor of the New Living Translation New Testament. An interesting and highly detailed comparative study from Comfort’s book, Essential Guide to Bible Versions.
• Translating the Bible: Scholars are still laboring. By Barry Hoberman, from the February 1985 Atlantic Monthly. Contains some strange factual errors, but on the whole it gives a very helpful account of the RSV and the plans for the NRSV. The Good News Bible is well described. The Living Bible and the Inclusive Language Lectionary are also discussed (unfavorably) at length. Also here and here.
• Bible Translations. By David Robert Palmer. Here is a thoughtful discussion of translation issues, comparison of versions, reference chart of manuscripts, and a new translation of the Gospels by the author of the site.
• Bible Translation: Why, What, and How? By Donald W. Burdick of the Cincinnati Bible College & Seminary, from the Seminary Review, XXI, 1 (March, 1975). A Good overview of the whole subject. Favors the NIV.
• A View of the Versions. By Al Maxey. Articles on the King James Version, New International Version, Revised Standard Version, Living Bible, New World Translation, New American Standard Bible, and the American Standard Version. Worth reading.
• Comparing Bible Versions. By Reese Currie.
• The Use of Modern Translations and Their Effect in Replacing the King James Version. By Joel Frank.

Bibliographies

• Historical Catalogue of the Printed Editions of Holy Scripture in the Library of the British and Foreign Bible Society, vol. 1–English, by Thomas H. Darlow and Horace F. Moule (London: Bible House, 1903). Volume 2 is not available online.
• Catalogue of Books Contained in the Library of the American Bible Society, Embracing Editions of the Holy Scriptures in Various Languages and other Biblical and Miscellaneous Works (New York: American Bible Society’s Press, 1855). Also here.
• A List of Editions of the Holy Scriptures and Parts Thereof Printed in America Previous to 1860, with Introducation and Bibliographical Notes, by E.B. [Edmund Bailey] O’Callaghan. Albany: Munsell & Rowland, 1861.
• the Internet Bible Catalog. A good online source for bibliographic information.

Psalters

• The Hexaplar Psalter: Being the Book of Psalms in Six English Versions, edited by William Aldis Wright (Cambridge, 1911). Full text of the Psalms in the versions of Coverdale, Great Bible, Geneva Bible, Bishops’ Bible, KJV, and the Revised Version of 1885.
• The Scottish Metrical Psalter of 1650 (also here), along with other historic metrical Psalters, provided by Jim Ross at Music for the Church of God.
• The Bay Psalm Book (1640). Scanned from the original, at the Library of Congress.
• The 1662 Prayer Book Psalter. Based on Coverdale’s Translation of the Psalms.
• 1979 Episcopal Prayer Book Psalter.
• Parallel Latin/English Psalter. By Glenn Gunhouse. Gives the Latin text of the Book of Psalms from the Vulgate with the English text of the Book of Psalms from Challoner’s revision of the Douay translation.

Histories of the English Bible

• Records Of The English Bible: The Documents Relating to the Translation and Publication of the Bible in English, 1525-1611, edited, with an Introduction, by Alfred W. Pollard (London: Henry Frowde, 1911).
• Westcott on the history of English Versions — B. F. Westcott, A General View of the History of the English Bible. First edition (1868); Second edition (1872); Third ed, revised by William A. Wright (1905).
• Mombert’s Handbook of the English Versions — A Hand-book of the English Versions of the Bible: With Copious Examples Illustrating the Ancestry and Relationship of the Several Versions, and Comparative Tables, by J. I. Mombert (New York: A.D.F. Randolph & Co., 1883). See also the expanded second edition here (London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, 1907).
• William F. Moulton’s History of the English Bible (London, 1878, also here).
• Old Bibles: An Account of the Early Versions of the English Bible. By John. R. Dore. Second Edition. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1888. Also here.
• John Lewis on the History of English Versions (1739) — A Complete History of the Several Translations of the Holy Bible, and New Testament, into English, both in MS. and in Print ... 2nd ed, 1739. See also a third edition continued to 1818 (also here).
• Condit on English Bible History — Blackford Condit, The History of the English Bible: Extending from the Earliest Saxon Translations to the Present Anglo-American Revision. Second edition (New York: A. S. Barnes and Co., 1896). The first edition of 1881 is also available (also at Google Books here and here).
• Bissell’s ‘Historic Origin of the Bible’ — The Historic Origin of the Bible: A Handbook of Principal Facts from the Best Recent Authorities, German and English, by Edwin Cone Bissell. New Edition (New York: Randolph & Co., 1889). A conservative introduction to the history of the Bible. Part I is a history of English versions; Part II is an introduction to the New Testament; Part III is an introduction to the Old Testament.
• The Evolution of the English Bible: An Historical Sketch of the Successive Versions from 1382 to 1885, by Henry William Hoare (London: John Murray, 1901). See also the 2nd edition (1902) here.
• The Ancestry of Our English Bible: An Account of Manuscripts, Texts, and Versions of the Bible. By Ira Maurice Price (7th ed., Philadelphia: Sunday School Times, 1920).
• The Making of the English Bible, with and Introductory Essay on the Influence of the English Bible on English Literature, by Samuel McComb (New York, 1909). A brief treatment of the earlier versions, with many interesting and original observations.
• The Bibles of England: a Plain Account for Plain People of the Principal Versions of the Bible in English, by Andrew Edgar (London, 1889). Also here.
• English Bible Versions, by Henry Barker (New York: Edwin S. Gorham, 1911).
• Anderson’s ‘Annals of the English Bible’ — Christopher Anderson, The Annals of the English Bible (London: W. Pickering, 1845): vol. 1; vol. 2.
• Early Bibles of America: Being a Descriptive Account of Bibles Published in the United States, Mexico and Canada, by John Wright. 3rd. ed. (New York: T. Whittaker, 1894).
• John Eadie’s History of the English Bible—The English Bible: An External and Critical History of the Various English Translations of Scripture, with Remarks on the Need of Revising the English New Testament (1876): vol. 1, vol. 2. Also at the Internet archive here.
• Images of Historic Bible Versions. Large high-resolution images of pages from early editions of the Bishops’ Bibe, Coverdale’s Bible, the Geneva Bible, the Great Bible, the King James Version (1611), Matthew’s Bible, the Rheims New Testament, and Tyndale’s New Testament.
• Formatting the Word of God: the Charles Caldwell Ryrie collection. An outstanding online exhibition of historic Bibles, hosted by the Bridwell Library, Perkins School of Theology, Southern Methodist University, from the CD-ROM edited by Valerie R. Hotchkiss & Charles C. Ryrie.
• History of the English Bible. Here is a tour of the "Dr. Gene Scott Collection" of historic Bibles, with some good images and an historical commentary.
• History of the English Bible. By Rev. Ronald D. Lesley, D.D. At the Fundamental Baptist Institute website.
• The Development of the English Bible: How Our English Versions Came Into Being. By William E. Paul, editor of Bible Collector’s World. Also here.
• The Bible Through The Ages. An excellent scholarly article by Dr. Richard D. Balge.
• Bibles and Testaments page of the Philadelphia Rare Books & Manuscripts Company. This is a bookseller’s site for serious collectors. The descriptions of the old editions they are selling are very informative, providing background information on translators, editors, and printers.

The “King James Only” Movement

• A New Hearing for the Authorized Version. By Theodore P. Letis. An articulate and reasonable defense of the King James Version. Also here.
• Demystifying the Controversy over the Textus Receptus and the King James Version of the Bible. By Douglas S. Chinn and Robert C. Newman of Biblical Theological Seminary in Hatfield, Penn. "The six main arguments used by TR-KJV proponents are examined and shown to be fallacious, as the KJV and TR suffer from the same ‘problems’ charged against the Alexandrian family and its modern translations..." Also here.
• Facts on the Textus Receptus and the King James Version of the Bible. By Allan A. MacRae and Robert C. Newman. A concise review of the issues in question and answer format. Also here.
• King James and Other Versions. by George Gunn, Professor of Biblical Languages at Shasta Bible College. Also here.
• Is your Modern Translation Corrupt? Answering the Allegations of KJV Only Advocates. By James R. White. Also here.
• A Summary Critique: New Age Bible Versions. By H. Wayne House. Also here.
• The Preface to the King James Version and the King James-Only Position. (PDF file) By William W. Combs, in the Detroit Baptist Seminary Journal 1 (Fall 1996).
• Prof’s Soapbox: The Text and Translation of the New Testament. By Dr. Daniel Wallace, Dallas Theological Seminary. Several good articles on the KJV.
• The "King James Version Only" Issue. By Brian Tegart. This site presents quite a lot of information on the King James version. Its special purpose is to counter the arguments of "King James Only" advocates. See also the collection of works by Westcott and Hort at Tegart’s Westcott and Hort Resource Centre.
• The King James Only Resource Center. By Gary Hudson and Doug Kutilek. Many good articles against the "King James Only" teaching.
• The Lockman Foundation’s Reply to Gail Riplinger’s New Age Bible Versions.
• The King James Verison Defended. By Edward F. Hills. This is a complete book, in which the author presents his view that the King James Version is the preserved word of God for English-speaking peoples.
• The Dean Burgon Society: In Defense of Traditional Bible Texts. The Dean Burgon Society publishes many books that defend the King James Version and attack the modern versions.
• The Way of Life Literature Electronic KJV Defense Library. By David W. Cloud. One of the more intelligent KJV-only sites.
• The Answer Book and An Understandable History of the Bible by Rev. Samuel C. Gipp. These will serve as good examples of the kind of literature being read by "King James Only" people in American churches.
• Modern Bible Translations Unmasked. (PDF format) By Russell & Colin Standish. An eloquent book-length rehearsal of "King James Only" ideology, written in 1993. The authors are Seventh-Day Adventists. Also in HTML format here.
• The Trinitarian Bible Society. This organization serves to promote the King James Version and the use of the Received Text. Many interesting and informative articles.
• Trusted Voices on Translations. A pamphlet published by Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Greenville, South Carolina, quoting thirty-two authors respected by fundamentalists, on the subject of Bible translations.

Translation Theory and Methods

Favoring free translation:

• SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) and Wycliffe International (formerly known as the Wycliffe Bible Translators) are very much committed to the method of "functional equivalence." See their rather understated Statement on Basic Principles and Procedures for Bible Translation (Wycliffe) and Translation Principles (SIL), and the formal committment of both organizations to this method as agreed upon in the Qualifications for Translation Consultants issued by the Forum of Bible Agencies. The SIL site also has an interesting list of SIL Publications on Translation.
• NIV Bible - New International Version Resources. The International Bible Society (which also subscribed to the above-mentioned "Qualifications") has put here some books and articles explaining the method of translation used in the NIV, which sometimes employs "dynamic equivalence."
• The History and Practice of Bible Translation: A Brief Survey. By Dr. David G. Burke, at the American Bible Society’s Research Center for Scripture and Media. A presentation that focuses upon the work of the American Bible Society, explaining and advocating "functional equivalence" as used in the Good News Bible and the Contemporary English Version.
• UBS Translation. Translation resources from the United Bible Societies. More of the same.
• The Bible Translator. Fifty-one years (1950-2000) of the American Bible Society’s quarterly journal online, in JPEG images. Many scholarly articles on translation are available here, if you have the time to download the large page images. (NOTE: if a dialog box asking for your username and password appears, enter the word "any" in both fields.) A complete database of article abstracts for 1950-2000 is available at the UBS website, with links to the articles.
• Translation Process for Scholars. From the God’s Word to the Nations translation website, explaining and advocating "closest natural equivalence."
• An Evaluation of the ‘Colorado Springs Guidelines’. By Ellis W. Deibler. Deibler, a Bible Translation Consultant with the Wycliffe Bible Translators, criticizes the Colorado Springs Guidelines from the standpoint of "dynamic eqivalence" translation theory. (Read Vern Poythress’s two-part response to this article here and here.)
• God’s Word or God’s Words? By Ervin Bishop, Senior Translation Consultant, World Bible Translation Center. The "World Bible Translation Center" is the Bible agency that produced the New Century Version (1991). Bishop’s article defends the "dynamic equivalence" approach by arguing against the doctrine of verbal inspiration. His thesis is, "the Bible is the Message of God expressed in the words of men." Also here.
• An Open Letter on Translating. By Martin Luther, in defense of his German translation, which sometimes employed non-literal renderings.

Articles favoring more literal translation:

•  LOCAL  Against the Theory of Dynamic Equivalence. By Michael Marlowe.
•  LOCAL  Was the Bible written in Street Language? By Michael Marlowe.
• Bible Translation Differences: Criteria for Excellence in Reading and Choosing a Bible Translation. By Dr. Leland Ryken at Wheaton College. A 32-page booklet summarizing the arguments in Ryken’s recent book, The Word of God in English. The same booklet is also available online under the title Choosing a Bible: Understanding Bible Translation Differences.
• The Word of God in English. By Dr. Leland Ryken. Also here.
• We Really Do Need Another Bible Translation. By Raymond C. Van Leeuwen, in Christianity Today, October 22, 2001. Discusses at length the problems associated with "dynamic equivalence" and the virtues of literal translation. Also here.
• A Bible for Everyone. By Alan Jacobs, Professor of English at Wheaton College. Criticism of dynamic equivalence, esp. in the NLT, published in First Things 138 (December 2003). Recommends use of essentially literal versions, esp. the ESV. Also here.
• An Open Letter Regarding The NET Bible, New Testament. By Daniel B. Wallace, the Senior New Testament Editor of the version. An article published in Notes on Translation 14.4 (2000). Wallace defends some of the more literal renderings of the NET Bible, and offers some judicious comments about the downside of "dynamic equivalence" in general.
• Thoughts on Bible Translations. By R. Scott Clark, Associate Professor of Church History, Westminster Theological Seminary, California. Also here.
• Does it mean what it says? By Gene Edward Veith, in World, Vol. 17, No. 7 (Feb. 23, 2002). "Secular linguists—such as Stephen Prickett, in Words and the Word and Origins of Narrative—describe the dynamic equivalent approach as ‘naïve’ and ‘simplistic’ in its understanding of language ..."
• Retuning the Psalms. By Robert Alter, in First Things 58 (December 1995): 45-48. A critical review of a "dynamic equivalence" version of the Psalms. Also here and here.
• Robert Alter’s Fidelity. By Alan Jacobs, professor of English at Wheaton College. A review of Alter’s translation of the Pentateuch (The Five Books of Moses: A Translation with Commentary) published in First Things 155 (August/September 2005), in which Jacobs broadly defends the literal approach to translation for literary reasons. Also here.
• The Church’s Way of Speaking. By Robert Louis Wilken, Professor of History at the University of Virginia. An article published in First Things 155 (August/September 2005), in which Wilken challenges the idea that Biblical and liturgical translations need to use the idiomatic "patois of modernity." Translators and liturgists should take account of the fact that "Christianity is a culture in its own right," and there is a need for the Church to "insist on its own way of speaking."
• Committee on Bible Translations Report. From the minutes of the 1995 General Synod of the Canadian Reformed Churches.
• Dynamic Equivalence: Method of Translation or System of Hermeneutics? By Robert L. Thomas, in The Master’s Seminary Journal.
• Bible Translations: Link between Exegesis and Expository Preaching. By Robert L. Thomas, in The Master’s Seminary Journal.
• Principles of Bible Translation. By Charles L. Winkler.
• The Excellence of the Authorized Version. By William Einwechter, from Chalcedon Report, June 1997.
• Dynamic Equivalency: Its Influence and Error and Dynamic Equivalency: Death Knell of Pure Scripture. By David W. Cloud, Fundamental Baptist Information Service.
• Theology and the Great Tradition of English Bibles. By Cameron A. MacKenzie, Concordia Theological Seminary. Also here.
• Which Translations of the Scriptures are Accurate? By Mark Sarver
• The Difference Between Translator and Teacher. A tract opposing dynamic equivalence, from Chick Publications.
• Unmanning the Bible. By S. M. Hutchens, in Touchstone Journal 15/5 (June 2002). "The goal of the translator must be to transform or reform, not submit to, a conceptually or grammatically deficient receptor language." Also here.
• Political Correctness and Bible Translation: A Preliminary Response to Ellis W. Deibler and A Response to Dr. Deibler on the Colorado Springs Guidelines, by Vern S. Poythress. Poythress, Professor of New Testament at Westminster Theological Seminary, defends literal translation of gender terms against the claims of "dynamic equivalence."
• Foreignizing and Domesticating Translations: the Case of Pindar. By Steven J. Willett. This is an abstract of an article which describes the method of "foreignizing" translation which has been challenging the "domesticating" method (i.e. "dynamic equivalence") in recent theoretical discussions.
• Why a Literal Translation? By Jay N. Forrest. A good essay from a supporter of the New King James Version.
• Bible Translation and Contextualization: Theory And Practice in Bangladesh. By Vern S. Poythress. Interesting discussion of how some missionary translators in a third world country play fast and loose with the text for political reasons.
• The Languages of Biblical Translation. By Fr. Paul Mankowski, SJ, from Adoremus Bulletin 13/4 (June 2007).
• Relevance Theory and Translation: Toward a New Realism in Bible Translation. By Ernst-August Gutt. A paper presented at the 2004 International Meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature. Argues that dynamic equivalence theory has been based upon "a serious lack in realism, arising from an inadequate understanding of the cognitive processes involved in human communication."

Other Translation Topics

• Consideration of Contexts in the Translation Philosophy of the NET Bible: Discussion and Examples. By Michael H. Burer, an Assistant Editor of the version. Discusses the implications of "progressive revelation" for translation of the Old Testament, with particular reference to Genesis 3:15 and Isaiah 7:14.
• The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. By Dr. Daniel Chandler, from his book The Act of Writing: A Media Theory Approach online at the Media and Communications Studies Site hosted by The University of Wales, Aberystwyth. An introduction to the concept of "linguistic relativity," the relationship of language to world view. This is one of the fundamental problems of translation.
• Cultural Pressures on Language are Not Always Neutral. By Wayne Grudem, from his 1997 book What’s Wrong with Gender-Neutral Bibles. "The pressure to conform to ‘politically correct’ speech is primarily a pressure not to use certain expressions. But when our freedom to use certain expressions is taken away, then our ability to think in certain ways is also curtailed." Also here.

Anti-Judaism in the New Testament

• Interfaith group asks publishers to erase anti-Jewish language from children’s Bibles. By David Crumm, at the Detroit Free Press (June 30, 2001). Describes the Bible revision agenda of the American Interfaith Institute.
• Offensive references to Jews deleted in new Bible. By Debra Nussbaum Cohen, at the Jewish Telegraphic Agency (September 29, 1995).
• Good cause, bad method. By Marvin Olasky, at World Magazine (April 14, 2001).
• The Narratives of Jesus’ Passion and Anti-Judaism. By Dr. Raymond E. Brown, America magazine, 1 April 1995. A moderately liberal scholar’s explanation of how the expression "the Jews" came to be used for opponents of Jesus and his followers in the New Testament, despite the fact that the first Christians were Jewish. Also here.
• How Have Inclusiveness and Tolerance Affected the Bauer-Danker Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (BDAG)? By Vern S. Poythress, published in the Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 46/4 (2003). Criticizes changes in the third English edition (2000) of Bauer’s Greek lexicon that are designed to make translators stop using the English word "Jew" for the Greek word Ioudaios.
• Translating Hoi Ioudaioi in the New Testament. By David G. Burke. "The problem is not how well the English locution reflects the Greek text or the escalating polemical realities of the first century situation, but rather its effect on the (poorly informed) modern reader."

Gender-Neutral Bibles

• Links on the Gender-Neutral Bible Controversy

Books on Translation

•  LOCAL  Annotated Bibliography of Translation Theory and Methods.